I made a Severe Noob Mistake!, Battery, Alternator Options

[RavenAegis45]

So my battery was on its dying breathe and I went to get a new one, In my haste i accidently grabbed a battery that although looked like the one I had, but had its terminals reversed. Well stupid me plugged it in and cranked the Engine once. Well seeing my car didnt start I looked at the Battery and seen I had the terminals backwards. I exhanged it for the right one and welli figured the damage was done. I replaced several fuses that had burnt out, thinking that it maybe i was lucky enough to only have that done but well most of the fuses i replaced are ok but a few burn out the moment the terminals touch. After towing my car home I asked some friends and family what might I need to change. My dad says the whole Alternator cuz the regulator might be blown but i just wanted to get some honest opinions on what damage am I looking at?

And yes I realize I am a complete moron for rushing