3S-GE, 3S-GTE info, All Gens, credit wikipedia.org Options

[stetsonaw]

The Toyota 3S-GE is an in-line 4 cylinder engine manufactured by Toyota and tuned by Yamaha Motor Company Ltd.. Its cylinders are numbered 1-2-3-4 with cylinder number 1 beside the timing belt. The cylinder heads are made of aluminium alloy. The pen-roof combustion chambers are complemented by a cross-flow intake and exhaust layout. The spark plug is located in the center of the combustion chamber. The ignition order of the cylinders is in the 1-3-4-2 order.

The crankshaft, located within the crankcase, rotates on five aluminium alloy bearings and is balanced by eight weights. Oil holes are located in the middle of the crankshaft to provide oil to the connecting rods, bearing, pistons and other moving components.

The intake manifold has four independent ports and benefits from inertia build up to improve engine torque at low and medium speeds.

A single timing belt drives the intake and exhaust camshaft. The cam journal is supported on five points between the valve lifters of each cylinder and on the front of the cylinder head. The cam journals are lubricated by an oiler port located in the middle of the camshaft.

The "Outer Shim Type System" allows for the replacement of the shims without the need to remove the camshaft. To adjust the valve clearance, adjust the shims above the valve lifters.

The pistons are made from an aluminium alloy, designed to withstand high temperatures. An indentation is incorporated into the piston head to prevent the pistons from hitting the valves, should the timing belt break (this is not true of the 3S-GE BEAMS motor). This is sometimes referred to as a "non-interference" engine. Piston pins holding the pistons in place are locked by snap rings.

The first compression ring and the oil ring are made of steel, the second compression ring is made of cast iron. Compression rings 1 and 2 prevent exhaust leakage from the combustion chamber while the oil ring works to clear oil off the cylinder walls, preventing excessive oil from entering the combustion chamber.

The cast iron cylinder block holds four cylinders which are approximately two times the length of the piston stroke. The top of the cylinders are covered by the cylinder head. Build into the cylinder block are coolant channels, which cools the block which houses the pistons.

At the bottom of the cylinder block is an oil pan which stores the oil. A panel is used to ensure that there is sufficient oil available in the oil pan, as the oil moves around the reservoir during movement of the vehicle. This prevents oil from being shifted away from the oil pump suction pipe.

History
There are four generations of the 3S-GE, which were used in the Toyota Celica, MR2, Toyota Caldina and Toyota Altezza. All 3S-GE engines had a displacement of 2.0 L. Additionally, the 3S-GTE engines were based off of the 3S-GE designs.

Gen 1
First generation 3S-GE was produced from 1986 to 1989, arriving in both Northern American versions, as well as In Japan as a second variation. The Northern American engine was slightly less powerful, producing around 135 bhp (101 kW). This engine was the only Gen 1 3S-GE to come to North America, in the Celica GT-S (ST162). The JDM version, sported a more aggressive ECU, and among other things a lack of the EGR valve system, pushing the output to somewhere around 150 bhp (112 kW) and 129 ft·lbf (175 Nm) of torque.

Gen 2
The second generation was produced from 1990 to 1993, receiving a slight boost in output to 113 kW (154 PS). Peak torque went to 137 ft·lbf (186 N·m). It also proved to be a slightly more reliable engine. The second generation also did-away with the T-VIS system, which was replaced by the ACIS (Acoustic Control Induction System), proving to be much more efficient. T-VIS was, however, retained on the second-generation 3S-GE's turbocharged counterpart.

Gen 3
The third generation 3S-GE was produced from 1994 to 1999. Power output was increased to 177 bhp (132 kW, 180 PS) over the gen 2, while torque figures stayed the same. It received a minor revision in 1996 for emissions (EGR) which reduced power output to 173 bhp (129 kW, 175 PS) @ 7000 rpm.

Gen 4
BEAMS 3S-GE 4th generation engine ("Black Top")

The fourth generation 3S-GE, also known as the BEAMS 3S-GE began production in 1997. The first version was equipped with VVT-i and produced 197 bhp (147 kW, 200 PS) @ 7000 rpm. It was available in a few models sold only in Japan - the MR2 G and G-Limited, the Celica ST202 SS-II and SS-III and the Caldina. BEAMS is an acronym which stands for Breakthrough Engine with Advanced Mechanism System.

In 1998 a second version was released with dual VVT-i (variable timing on both the intake and exhaust cams), titanium valves and a slightly higher compression ratio. This engine powered the Altezza RS200 and produced around 207 bhp (154 kW, 210 PS) @ 7600 rpm.

The two variants are easily identifiable by colour. The cam covers on the earlier model are red and on the later model, black. They are often referred to as the "Red Top" and the "Black Top" respectively.

The "Grey Top" BEAMS 3S-GE was an available engine option in the Rav4 in Japan. Even though the valve cover on this engine is black, it is referred to as "Grey Top" to differentiate it from the Dual-VVTi "Black Top" in the Altezza. Power output is 177 bhp (132 kW, 180 PS) @ 6600 rpm.

Specifications
These are specific to all 3S-G engines, thus compression ratios and camshafts specifications are not included.

Capacity: 1998 cc (121.9 ci)
Bore x Stroke: 86 x 86 mm (3.39 x 3.39 in)
Intake Valve Diameter: 33.5 mm (1.32 in)
Exhaust Valve Diameter: 29.0 mm (1.14 in)
Included Valve Angle: 44.5 degrees

Information source

3S-GTE

The 3S-GTE is an in-line 4-cylinder 1998cc engine from Toyota utilizing a CT26 or CT20B Dual Entry turbocharger. Depending on where the engine was intended to be sold the exhaust turbine is either ceramic (JDM) or steel (USDM). It was fitted to the MR2 , Celica GT-Four and the Caldina. Its cylinders are numbered 1-2-3-4, cylinder number 1 is beside the timing belt. The Dual Over Head Cam (DOHC) 16 valve cylinder head designed by Yamaha is made of aluminum alloy. The pent-roof combustion chambers are complemented by a cross flow intake and exhaust layout. Spark plugs are located in the middle of the combustion chambers. A distributor based system is used to fire the cylinders in a 1-3-4-2 order.

The 1st and 3rd generation intake charge was cooled by a Water to Air intercooler while the 2nd and 4th generation relied on a Air to Air system.

The crankshaft, located within the crankcase, rotates on 5 aluminum alloy bearings and is balanced by 8 weights. Oil holes are located in the middle of the crankshaft to provide oil to the connecting rods, bearing, pistons and various other components.

On the first two generations the intake manifold has 8 independent ports and benefits from the inertia build up to improve engine torque at low and medium speeds. Due to the design of the intake manifold, cylinder number 3 runs lean under normal operation. Various aftermarket solutions exist all of which require replacing the intake headers or manifold. The first two generations of 3S-GTE engines are equipped with TVIS. The third generation uses a normal 4-runner intake manifold.

A single timing belt drives the intake and exhaust camshaft along with the oil and water pumps. The cam journal is supported on 5 points between the valve lifters of each cylinder and on the front of the cylinder head. The cam journals are lubricated by oiler port located in the middle of the camshaft.

To adjust the valve clearance, adjust the shims above the valve lifters(shim over bucket system). This allows for the replacement of the shims without the need to remove the camshaft.

The pistons are made from an aluminum alloy, design to withstand high temperatures. An indentation is incorporated into the pistons to prevent the pistons from "knocking" into the valves. The compression ration is 8.5:1 or 8.8:1 depending on generation. Piston pins holding the pistons in place are locked by snap rings.

The 1st compression ring and the oil ring is made of steel, the 2nd compression ring is made of cast iron. Compression ring 1 and 2, prevents gas leakages from the combustion chamber while the oil ring works to clear oil off the cylinder walls, preventing any excessive oil from entering the combustion chamber.

The cast iron cylinder block holds 4 86mm pistons and has a stroke of 86mm. Built into the cylinder block are coolant channels, which cools the block which houses the crankshaft.

At the bottom of the cylinder block is an oil pan which stores the oil. A panel is used to ensure that there are sufficient oil available in the oil pan, as the oil moves around the reservoir during movement of the vehicle. This prevents oil from being shifted away from the oil pump suction pipe.

Information Source

I've always wondered about the generations... here is the info.


This post has been edited by stetsonaw: Oct 12, 2007 - 7:28 AM